Classical Conditioning - Ivan Pavlov

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In Pavlov's classic experiment with dogs, the neutral signal was the sound of a tone and the naturally occurring reflex was salivating in response to food. By associating the neutral stimulus with the environmental stimulus (the presentation of food), the sound of the tone alone could produce the salivation response.

In order to understand how more about how classical conditioning works, it is important to be familiar with the basic principles of the process.

 

 

 

Tutorial three

Tutorial three

5- By providing examples explain how Mallows Hierarchy of needs relates to a student’s motivation to study well?

Being needs are desires to become fulfilled as a person, or to be the best person that you can possibly be. They include cognitive needs and aesthetic needs and most importantly, self-actualization needs. Being needs do not disappear once they are met, but create a desire for even more satisfaction of the same type. Being needs are lasting and permanent once they appear. If the students having difficult time breathing or they are thirsty. They can’t focus on studies.   So the teacher can communicate the students and facilitate them to fulfill their needs.  Some of the other needs they needs books and the instrument they need if they want to study. And also the classroom must be a place free from physical bullying.  

9- Explain why morality is a concern for students at school. Provide examples.

Morality is a system of believes about what is right and good compared to what is wrong or bad. When it comes to schooling and teaching, moral choices are not restricted to occasional dramatic incidents, but are women into almost every aspect of class room life. Imaging this simple example. Suppose that you are teaching reading to a small group of second-grade. The students are taking turns reading a story out loud. Should you give every student the same amount of time to read, even though some might benefit from having additional time? Or should you give more time to the students who need extra help, even if doing so bores classmates and deprives other of equal shares of “floor time”? Which option is more fair, and which is more considerate? Simple dilemmas like this happen every day at all grade levels simply because students are diverse, and because class time and a teacher’s energy are finite.

 

 

 

    TUTORIAL ONE

 

3) By providing examples discuss how a teacher can help become lifelong learners.
Enjoying of teaching. Teachers’ motivation will help students to learn, in the classroom using self-determination theory. Also to being rise their attributions, goals and interests. Specific believes of the students’ personal capacity is very much affected to their motivation. In self-efficacy theory the beliefs become a primary, explicit explanation for motivation. Self-efficacy is the belief that you are talented of 
carrying out a specific task or of reaching a specific goal. Self-efficacy is not about whether you consider that you are intelligent in general, whether you always like working with mechanical things, or 
thinks that you are generally a likable person.

 

8) In what ways do you think teaching has become more professional than it was in the past? Justify your answer with examples from the profession.  

Teachers think about so many things not only for the students’ academic success. They should think about their developments and increasing expectations of achievement by students. That means teacher should take more responsibilities. Nowadays if you want to become a teacher you should be more specialized than in the past. In many societies and regions new teachers’ required more certification and licensing. The increased requirements are partly a response to the complexities created by the increasing diversity of students and increasing use of technology in classrooms.

TUTORIAL TWO

5. By providing examples explain how the following two theories apply to the class room.

   a. operant conditioning.

       This is dedicated on how the effects of values on behaviors. It begins with the idea that certain consequences tend to make certain behaviors happen more frequently.   For example the teacher asks to a student to present something to class and that student done it. After that the teacher give positive reinforcement by telling that he/she is really good at doing the work she done, And maybe giving stars for that. In these star is the reinforcement.

     b. Classical conditioning. 

Classical conditioning students judge the teacher by their action. The way they treat they will say that the teacher is friendly person or a teacher is a good teacher. And for that the students may like to study the subject that teacher teaches. Sometimes they will wait for that period because they know that, that period will be fun and interesting for them. This is where the students judge the teachers.

 

17. Provide an example of how the teacher can help students with Zone of proximal Development.

 If the student can identify butterfly with drawing but she doesn’t know that are the features and characters of it. One day her teacher teaches what the features are and characters of butterfly then the student store that information in a new schema. In this case that teacher was the expert and the teacher scaffolds the student. In this way with the help of expert student can reach from their prior knowledge to unknown things.

 

Pavlov's primary interests were the study of psychology and natural science. he is not a psychologist.

his work had a major influence on the field, particularly on the development of behaviorism.             

                                                     
                                              IVAN PETROVICH PAVLOV (IVAN PAVLOV)
                                                   September 14, 1849- February 27,1936